Unlike conventional solid membranes, transport fluids in a liquid gating system interact primarily with the gating liquid interface. Different fluids require different transmembrane pressure thresholds to pass through the gas/liquid or liquid/liquid interface, enabling controllable and selective transport.

        (a) Liquids stabilized in micro/nanoscale pores act as reversible and reconfigurable pressure-driven gates. When the applied pressure is below the threshold, the system remains closed; when it exceeds the threshold, the gate opens and transport occurs through a stable liquid interface.